Tamoxifen therapy in kidney-transplant patients presenting with severe encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis after treatment for acute humoral rejection.

OBJECTIVES Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis is a rare but serious complication in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Its mortality rate is approximately 30%, despite treatment with total parenteral nutrition, surgery, tamoxifen, or immunosuppressants. MATERIALS AND METHODS Of 991 kidney transplants performed at our institution over 9 years, 50 patients were treated for chronic peritoneal dialysis at the time of transplant. RESULTS Two cases of encapsulating, peritoneal sclerosis occurred in patients receiving pretransplant peritoneal dialysis. Both had received intensive posttransplant treatment for acute humoral rejection. Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis occurred at 3 months and 4 months after the transplant. Both presented with intestinal pain and gut obstruction. They were given total parenteral nutrition plus tamoxifen (20 mg/d) for 3 months. Outcomes were favorable for 1, though there was no improvement for the second patient, who was then also given sirolimus. He died later from multiorgan failure secondary to digestive-related sepsis, and encapsulating, peritoneal, sclerosis-related symptoms. CONCLUSIONS When encapsulating, peritoneal sclerosis occurs after kidney transplant, tamoxifen therapy could be implemented.